Agnes de Saint John

Family/Spouse: 9th Earl of Devon Hugh Courtenay. Hugh was born in 1276; died in 1340. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Margaret de Bohun on 11 Aug 1325 in Exeter, Devonshire, England. Margaret (daughter of 4th Earl of Hereford Humphrey VIII de Bohun and Elizabeth "of Rhuddlan" Plantagenet) was born on 3 Aug 1311 in Caldecote, Northhamptonshire, England; died on 16 Dec 1391 in Exeter, Devonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John de Cobham. John was born in 1324 in Cobham, Kent, England; died on 10 Jan 1407/08. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anne Margaret Wake. Anne (daughter of Thomas Wake and Alice Patteshull) was born about 1360 in England; died in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Andrew Luttrell about 1362 in Thorverton, Devon, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John de Vere. John (son of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford and Maud de Badlesmere) died before 23 Jun 1350. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married John de la Pole about 1356. John was born about 1336; died in 1379. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan Champernowne. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Catherine Beaumont. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Reynold Braybrook. Reynold was born after 1321; died in 1405. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Margaret Touchet about 1422 in England. Margaret (daughter of John Touchet, 4th Baron Audley and Elizabeth Stafford) was born about 1500 in Somerset, England; died in 1438. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Brooke. Thomas was born after 1353; died in 1438. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
Battle of St Albans

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Courtenay. Elizabeth (daughter of Phillip Courtenay and Elizabeth Hungerford) was born in 1430 in Powderham, Devon, England; died in 1493 in Cornwall, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Tuchet. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Margaret Hill about 1487 in East Quantoyhead, Somerset, England. Margaret (daughter of Robert Hill and Alice Stourton) was born about 1467 in Houndstone, Somerset, England; died in 1508 in , Somerset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Nevill. Margaret (daughter of Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny and Katherine Howard) was born about 1455 in Raby Castle, Durham, England; died on 30 Sep 1506 in Cowling, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Roger Yorke, Esq on 17 Nov 1530 in Wellington, Somerset, England. Roger was born about 1497 in Wellington, Somerset, England; died on 2 Feb 1535 in Wellington, Somerset, , England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Dorothy Hayden. Dorothy (daughter of Henry Hayden and Ann Elizabeth Boleyn) was born about 1465 in Baconthorpe, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Edmund Percival in 1534 in Bristol, Somerset, England. Edmund was born in 1500 in Walton, Somerset, England; died on 21 Sep 1551 in Weston-in-Gordano, Somerset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hughe Turner. Hughe was born in 1501 in Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire, England; died on 9 Jul 1560 in Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married "The Poet" Thomas Wyatt about 1521. Thomas (son of Henry Wyatt and Anne Skinner) was born about 1503; died on 11 Oct 1542 in Sherbourne, Dorset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anne Bray. Anne died on 1 Nov 1558. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Richard Lomprey Lowell on 15 Oct 1570 in Scaldwell, Northamptonshire, England. Richard was born in 1547 in Bristol, Somerset, England; died on 7 Jun 1591 in Clyvadons, Somerset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

http://www.burgoyne.com/pages/bdespain/famhis/bio20530.htm

(1) David Michael Loades (University of Durham), Encyclopaedia Britannica (1972), vol. 23, p. 827

Introduction

Wyat, Sir Thomas, the Younger (c. 1521-1554), English soldier and conspirator who led one of the most serious rebellions of Tudor times, was the son of Sir Thomas Wyat (q.v.) the elder. On his father's death in 1542 he inherited extensive Kentish estates, including his principal seat, Allington Castle. At that stage he had a reputation for recklessness, and was briefly imprisoned in 1543 for taking part with Henry Howard, earl of Surrey, in a London street riot. Thereafter he served abroad, and traveled extensively in Germany, France, Italy, and Switzerland, acquiring an extensive knowledge of military matters and recognition as a skilful and daring captain.

Beginnings of Wyat's Rebellion

The date of his return is uncertain, but in the autumn of 1549 he submitted to Protector Somerset's council a timely project for a selective militia to provide a safeguard against civil disturbances. Somerset's fall soon afterward caused this plan to be abandoned, but Wyat seems to have used his position in Kent (he was sheriff in 1551) to create a rudimentary organization on his own initiative. On Edward VI's death (July 1553) he supported Mary I, and proclaimed her at Rochester, but by the end of the year rumours of the proposed marriage between mary and the future king Philip II of Spain had drawn Wyat into an extensive conspiracy. It was originally planned that Henry Grey, duke of suffolk, should raise his friends and dependents in Leicestershire, Sir James Crofts on the Welsh Marches, Wyat in Kent, and Edward Courtenay, earl of Devon, and Sir Peter Carew in the Southwest. The plot was detected and forced into premature action at the end of January 1554, with the result that Crofts did not stir, Devon turned informer, and suffolk and Carew could make only feeble gestures. Only Wyat succeeded, through his local organization and powers of leadership, in raising a force, and the whole burden of the action therfore fell upon him. The sheriff of Kent, Sir Robert Southwell, and Henry Neville, Lord Abergavenny, tried unsuccessfully to raise a force against him while the London trainbands, sent down under the command of the aged Thomas Howard, 3rd duke of Norfolk, deserted to him.

Uprising Collapses

Lack of confidence, and conflict within the council, resulted first in an offer to negotiate, and only belatedly in a resolute attempt to oppose him. On Feb. 3, at the head of about 3,000 men, he entered southwark unchallenged, but was unable to cross London Bridge. Success therafter depended upon a sympathetic rising in London, for which he had good reason to hope if he could take the city authorities by surprise. For this purpose he attempted a rapid night march by way of Kingston-upon-Thames, but found the royal forces under William Herbert, earl of Pembroke, awaiting him. The morale of both sides was extremely low, but that of the rebels disintegrated first, and they surrendered after a nominal engagement.

The Rebel's Fate

Wyat was tried on March 15, and executed on April 11, 1554, strenuous but unsuccessful efforts being made to the last to persuade him to implicate Princess Elizabeth (afterward Queen Elizabeth I) in his conspiracy. After his death he and his followers were widely regarded as martyrs to the cause of patriotism. His widow and five surviving children, rendered destitute by his attainder, were relieved by Queen Mary's generosity in 1557, but only in 1563 did his son George regain a part of his inheritance.

--------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(2) Sidney, Lee, in Leslie Stephan & Sidney Lee, ed., Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 1885-1901[reprint 1993]), v. 21, pp. 1102-1104

The Young Life of a Rebel

WYATT, SIR THOMAS (1521?-1554), the younger, conspirator, was the eldest and only surviving son of Sir Thomas Wyatt the elder [q.v.], by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Brooke, third lord Cobham. He was brought up as a catholic. He is described as 'twenty-one years and upwards' in the 'inquisition post mortem' of his father, which was dated 8 Jan. 1542/3. The Duke of Norfolk was one of his godfathers. In boyhood he is said to have accompanied his father on an embassy to Spain, where the elder sir Thomas Wyatt was threatened by the Inquisition. To this episode has been traced and irremovable detestation of the Spanish government, but the anecdote is probably apocryphal. All that is positively known of his relations with his father while the latter was in Spain is found in two letters which the elder Wyatt addressed from Spain to the younger, then fifteen years old. The letters give much sound moral advice. In 1537 young Wyatt married when barely sixteen. He succeeded on his father's death in 1542 to Allington Castle and Boxley Abbey in Kent, with much other property. But the estate was embarrassed, and he parted with some outlying lands on 30 Nov. 1543 to the king, receiving for them 3,669l. 8s. 2d. In 1542 he alienated, too, the estate of Tarrant in Dorset in favour of a natural son, Francis Wyatt, whose mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Darrel of Littlecote. Wyatt was of somewhat wild and impulsive temperament. At an early age he had made the acquaintance of his father's disciple, Henry Howard, earl of surrey [q.v.], and during Lent 1543 he joined Surrey and other young men in breaking at night the windows of citizens' houses and of London churches. They were arrested and brought before the privy council on 1 April, and they were charged not merely with acts of violence, but with having eaten meat during Lent. Surrey explained that his efforts were directed to awakening the citizens of London to a sense of sin. Wyatt was inclined to deny the charges. He remained in the Tower till 3 May. In the autumn of 1543 Wyatt joined a regiment of volunteers which surrey raised at his own expense to take part in the siege of Landrecies. Wyatt distinguished himself in the military operations, and was highly commended by Thomas Churchyard, who was present (cf. CHURCHYARD, Pleasant Discourse of Court and of Wars, 1596). In 1544 Wyatt took part in the siege of Boulogne and was given responsible command next year. When Surrey became governor he joined the English council there (14 June 1545), Surrey, writing to Henry VIII, highly commended Wyatt's 'hardiness, painfulness, circumspection, and natural disposition to the war.' He seems to have remained abroad till the surrender of Boulogne in 1550. In November 1550 he was named a commissioner to delimit the English frontier in France, but owing to ill-health was unable to act. Subsequently he claimed to have served Queen Mary against the Duke of Northumberland when the duke attempted to secure the throne for his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey. but he took no well-defined part in public affairs at home until he learned of Queen Mary's resolve to marry Philip of Spain. He regarded the step as an outrage on the nation's honour, but, according to his own account, never thought of publicly protesting against it until he received an invitation from Edward Courtenay [q.v.], earl of Devonshire, to join in a general insurrection throughout the country for the purpose of preventing the accomplishment of the queen's plan. He cheerfully undertook to raise Kent. Help was vaguely promised him by the French ambassador.

Taking Steps

The official announcement of the marriage was published on 15 Jan. 1553/4. Seven days later Wyatt summoned his friends and neighbours to meet at Allington Castle to discuss means of resistance. He offered, if they would attempt an armed rebellion, to lead the insurgent force. Like endeavours made by Courtenay, the earl of Suffolk, Sir James Crofts, and Sir Peter Carew, to excite rebellion in other counties failed [see CAREW, SIR PETER]. The instigators elsewhere were all arrested before they had time to mature their designs. Wyatt was thus forced into the position of chief actor in the attack on the government of the queen. He straightway published a proclamation at Maidstone which was addressed 'unto the commons' of Kent. He stated that his course had been approved by 'divers of the best of the shire.' Neighbours and friends were urged to secure the advancement of 'liberty and commonwealth,' which were imperilled by 'the queen's determinate pleasure to marry with a stranger.'

Initiating the Rebellion

Wyatt showed himself worthy of his responsibilities and laid his plans with boldness. Noailles, the French ambassador, wrote that he was 'estimée par deçà homme vaillant et de bonne conduicte;' and M. d'Oysel, thehe French ambassador in Scotland, who was at the time in London, informed the French king, his master, that Wyatt was 'ung gentil chevallier et fort estimé parmy ceste nation' (Ambassades de Noailles, iii. 15, 46).. Fifteen hundred men were soon in arms under his command, while five thousand promised adherence later. He fixed his headquarters at the castle of Rochester. Some cannon and ammunition were secretly sent him up the Medway by agents in London; batteries were erected to command the passage of the bridge at Rochester and the opposite bank of the river. When the news of Wyatt's action reached the queen and government in London, a proclamation was issued offering pardon to such of his followers as should within twenty-four hours depart peaceably to their homes. Royal officers with their retainers were despatched to disperse small parties of Wyatt's associates while on their way to Rochester; Sir Robert Southwell broke up one band under an insurgent named Knevet; Lord Abergavenny defeated another reinforcement lead by a friend of Wyatt named Isley; the citizens of Canterbury rejected Wyatt's entreaties to join him, and derided his threats. Wyatt maintained the spirit of his followers by announcing that he daily expected succour from France, and circulated false reports of successful risings in other parts of the country. Some of his followers sent to the council offers to return to their duty, and at the end of January Wyatt's fortunes looked desperate. But the tide turned for a season in his favour when the government ordered the Duke of Norfolk to march form London upon Wyatt's main body, with a detachment of white-coated guards under the command of Sir Henry Jerningham. The manuvre gave Wyatt an unexpected advantage. The duke was followed immediately by five hundred Londoners, hastily collected by one Captain Bret, and was afterwards joined by the sheriff of Kent, who had called out the trained bands of the county. The force thus embodied by the government was inferior in number to Wyatt's, and it included many who were in sympathy with the rebels. As soon as they came within touch of Wyatt's forces at Rochester, the majority of them joined him, and the duke with his principal officers fled towards Gravesend.

Attacking London

Wyatt set out for London at the head of four thousand men. He found the road open. 'Through Dartford and Gravesend he marched to Blackheath, where he encamped on 29 Jan. 1553/4. The government acknowledged the seriousness of the situation, and sent Wyatt a message inviting him to formulate his demands, but his was only a means of gaining time. On 1 Feb. 1554 Mary proceeded to the Guildhall and addressed the citizens of London on the need of meeting the danger summarily. Wyatt was proclaimed a traitor. Next morning more than twenty thousand men enrolled their names for the protection of the city. Special precautions were taken for the security of the court and the Tower; many bridges over the Thames within a distance of fifteen miles were broken down; all peers in the neighbourhood of London received orders to raise their tenantry; and on 3 Feb. a reward of land of the annual value of one hundred pounds a year was offered the captor of Wyatt's person.

Captured & Tried For Treason

The same day Wyatt entered Southwark, but his followers were alarmed by the reports of the government's activity. Many deserted, and Wyatt found himself compelled by the batteries on the Tower to evacuate Southwark. Turning to the south he directed hes steps toward Kingston, where he arrived on 6 Feb. (Shrove Tuesday). The river was crossed without difficulty, and a plan was formed to surprise Ludgate. On the way Wyatt hoped to capture St. James's Palace, where Queen Mary had taken refuge. But his schemes were quickly betrayed to the government. A council of war decided to allow him to advance upon the city and then to press on him from every quarter. He proceeded on 7 Feb. through Kensington to Hyde Park, and had a sharp skirmish at Hyde Park Corner with a troop of infantry. Escaping with a diminished following, he made his way past St. James's Palace. Proceeding by Charing Cross along the Strand and Fleet Street he reached Ludgate at two o'clock in the morning of 8 feb. The gate was shut against him, and he was without the means or the spirit to carry it by assault. His numbers dwindled in the passage through London, and he retreated with very few followers to Temple Bar. There he was met by the Norroy herald, and, recognising that his cause was lost, he made a voluntary submission. After being taken to Whitehall, he was committed to the Tower, where the lieutenant, Sir John Brydges (afterwards first Lord Chandos), received him with opprobrious reproaches. On his arrest the French ambassador, De Noailles, paid a tribute to his valour and confidence. He wrote of him as 'le plus vaillant et asseuré de quoyee j'aye jamais ouy parler, qui a mis ladicte dame et seigneurs de son conseil en telle et si grande peur, qu'elle s'est veue par l'espace de huict jours en bransle de sa couronne' (Ambassades de Noailles, iii. 59). On 15 March he was arraigned at Westminster of high treason, was condemned, and sentenced to death (Fourth Rep. Deputy Keeper of Records, App. ii. pp. 244-5).

Executed on Tower Hill

On the day appointed for his execution (11 April) Wyatt requested Lord Chandos, the lieutenant of the Tower, to permit him to speak to a fellow-prisoner, Edward Courtenay 'to confess the truth of himself.' The interview lasted half an hour. It does not appear that he said anything to implicate Princess Elizabeth, but he seems to have reproached Courtenay with being the instigator of his crime (cf. FOXE, Acts and Monuments, iii. 41, and TYTLER, Hist. of Edward VI and Mary, ii. 320). Nevertheless, at the scaffold on Tower Hill he made a speech accepting full responsibility for his acts and exculpating alike Elizabeth and Courtenay (Chronicles of Queen Jane and Queen Mary, p. 73; BAYLEY, Hist. of the Tower, p. xlix). After he was beheaded, his body was subjected to all the barbarities that formed part of punishment for treason. Next day his head was hung to a gallows on 'Hay Hill beside Hyde Park,' and subsequently his limbs were distributed among gibbets in various quarters of the town (MACHYN, Diary, p. 60). His head was stolen on 17 April.

Family

Wyatt married in 1537 Jane, daughter of Sir William Hawte of Bishopsbourne, Kent. Through her he acquired the manor of Wavering. She bore him ten children, of whom three married and left issue. Of these a daughter Anna married Roger Twysden, grandfather fo Sir Roger Twysden [q.v.], and another Charles Scott of Egerton, Kent, of the family of Scott of Scotshall. The son George was restored to his estate of Boxley, Kent, by Queen Mary, and to that of Wavering by Queen Elizabeth in 1570. He collected materials for a life of Queen Anne Boleyn, the manuscript of which passed to his sister's grandson, Sir Roger Twysden. In 1817 there was privately printed by Robert Triphook from a copy of Wyatt's manuscript 'Extracts from the Life of Queen Anne Boleigne, by George Wyat. Written at the close of the XVIth century.' The full original manuscript in George Wyatt's autograph is among the Wyatt MSS., now the property of the Earl of Romney. Twysden also based on Wyatt's recollections his 'Account of Queen Anne Bullen,' which was first issued privately in 1808; it has little likeness to Wyatt's autograph 'Life.' The Wyatt MSS. contain letters and religious poems by George Wyatt, as well as a refutation of Nicholas Sanders's attacks on the characters of the two Sir Thomas Wyatts. George Wyatt, who died in 1623, was father of Sir Francis Wyatt [q.v.]

Portrait

A portrait of Sir Thomas Wyatt the younger in profile on panel belongs to the earl of Romney, and is now in his London residence, 4 Upper Belgrave Street.

Sources

[Dr. G. F. Nott's memoir (1816) prefixed to his edition of the Works of Sir Thomas Wyatt the elder (pp. lxxxix-xcviii) gives the main facts. An official account of Wyatt's rebellion was issued within a year of his execution, under the title of 'Historie of Wyate's rebellion, with the order and maner of resisting the same, etc., made and compyled by John Proctor [q.v.], Mense Januarii, anno 1555,' reprinted in the Antiquarian repertory, vol. iii. The account of the rebellion in Grafton's Chronicle is said to be from the pen of George Ferrers. Holinshed based his complete narrative of the rebellion in his Chronicle on Proctor's History, with a few hints from Grafton. A few particulars are added in Stowe's Annals. A full narrative with many documents form the Public Record Office is in R. P. Cruden's History of Gravesend, 1842, pp. 172 sq. See also Loseley MSS. edited by Kempe, 126-30; Diary of Henry Machyn, 1550-63 (Camden Soc.); Wriothesley's Chronicle (Camden Soc.); Lingard's Hist.; Froude's Hist.; Miscell. Genealogica et Heraldica, ii. 107 (new ser.); Bapst, Deux Gentilhommes-Poètes de la Cour de Henry VIII, pp. 2666 seq.; Cave Browne's History of Boxley Parish, Maidstone, 1892; Wyatt MSS. in the possession of the Earl of Romney; information kindly given by the Hon. R. Marsham-Townshend.]

Birth:
Allington Castle, Maidstone, Kent, England

Died:
beheaded

Thomas married of Kent de Brunne Jane Haute in 1537. Jane (daughter of William Haute and Mary Guildford) was born in 1522 in Bishopsbourne, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Dorothy Nevill in 1545. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Name: Percival Lowle
• Arrival: 1639, Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA

Percival married Rebecca Alice Goddale in 1602 in Bristol, Somerset, England. Rebecca was born in 1575 in Kingston Seymour, Somerset, England; died on 28 Dec 1645 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA; was buried in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Baptism: 20 Jun 1687, Shropshire, England

Notes:

Birth:
Allington Castle, Maidstone, Kent, England

George married Jane Finch on 8 Oct 1582 in Caswell, Kent, England. Jane (daughter of Thomas Finch and Katherine Moyle) was born in 1555 in of Eastwell, Kent, England; died on 27 Mar 1644. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth:
Allington Castle, Boxley, Kent, England

Family/Spouse: Frances Howard. Frances (daughter of Charles Howard and Katherine Carey) was buried on 11 Jul 1628. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joanna married William Gerrish on 17 Apr 1645 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA. William (son of John Gerrish, II and Anne Parker) was born on 20 Aug 1617 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England; died on 9 Aug 1687 in Salem, Essex, Massachusetts, USA; was buried in Salem, Essex, Massachusetts, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joanna married John Oliver in 1639 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA. John was born on 11 Nov 1585 in Bristol, Somerset, England; died on 14 Jun 1642 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Baptism: 21 Apr 1600, Portbury, Somerset, England