Rosalinda de Barcelona

Family/Spouse: Vulgrin I de Perigord. Vulgrin was born on 3 May 886. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Count of la Marche and Perigord Boso I de la Marche. Boso (son of Sulpice de Charroux) died in 968. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Adalbert I, Count de la Haute Marche and Perigord; was at the fall of Gencay, 997; killed 997, prob at Gencay.

Family/Spouse: Almode de Limoges. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Amelia de Montignac. Amelia was born in 989; died in 1072. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

DEATH: Murdered by her step son, Pedro Raimundo de Barcelona.

Almodis married Hugh V "The Fair" de Lusignan about 1038. Hugh (son of Hugh IV de Lusignan and Adelaide de Thouars) was born in 1015 in Lusignan, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 2 Oct 1060 in Lusignan, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Almodis married Ramon Berenguer, I in 1056. Ramon was born in 1023 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; died on 26 May 1076 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; was buried in Barcelona, Provincia de Barcelona, Cataluna, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Almodis married Pons, Count of Toulouse II in 1040 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France. Pons was born in 991 in Toulouse, Jura, Franche-Comté, France; died in 1060 in Toulouse, Jura, Franche-Comte, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mathide married Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Poitiers William VIII (Guillaume) about 1058. William (son of Count of Aquitaine William VII "The Great" and Comtesse de Bourgogne Agnes de Macon) was born about 1026; died on 25 Sep 1086 in Chateau de Chize, Deux-Sevres, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Name: Hugh VI "The Devil" de la Marche

Family/Spouse: Hildegarde de Thouars. Hildegarde (daughter of Aimery IV de Thouars and Aremgarde de Mauleon) was born about 1045. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth:
TWIN TO BERENGUER. Called TOWHEAD because of the thickness and colour of his hair.

Died:
While hunting in the woods. His brother who became sole ruler, was blamed for the murder.

Ramon married Mathilda in 1078 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Mathilda was born in 1055 in Apulia, Calabria, Puglia, Italy; died on 19 Sep 1107 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Emma de Mortain in 1072 in Toulouse, Jura, Franche-Comte, France. Emma was born in 1058 in Mortagne, Orne, Basse-Normandie, France; died on 21 Aug 1112 in Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Raymond married Bertrande de Provence in 1066. Bertrande was born in 1040; died in 1090. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Raymond married Elvira Alfonsa de Castilla in 1094. Elvira was born in 1075 in Burgos, Burgos, Castilla-Leon, Spain; died in 1135. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Mafalda of Sicily. Mafalda was born in 1062 in Sicily, Italy; died in 1094 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married King of Leon and Castile Alfonso VI Fernandez in 1069. Alfonso died on 29 Jun 1109 in Toledo, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: of Armenia Sarazine. Sarazine was born in 1085. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 10 Nov 1080, Rodez, Barcelona, Aragon, Spain
• Death: 19 Jul 1131, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
• Death: 19 Aug 1131, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Ramon married Countess of Provence Douce, heiress of Provence on 3 Feb 1112 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Douce (daughter of Gilbert I of Gévaudan and Countess of Provence Gerberga) was born in 1095 in Gevaudan, Essonne, Ile-de-France, France; died in 1127 in Gevaudan, Essonne, Ile-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippa married Duke of Aquitaine William IX "The Troubadour" in 1094 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrenees, France. William (son of Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Poitiers William VIII (Guillaume) and of Burgundy Hildegard) was born on 22 Oct 1071 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 10 Feb 1126 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Teresa married Count of Portugal Henry de Bourgogne before 24 Aug 1092. Henry (son of Duke of Burgundy Henry Capet and Countess of Barcelona Sibylle) was born about 1066 in Dijon, France; died on 1 Nov 1112 in Astorga, Galicia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Orengarde in 1140. Orengarde was born in 1115; died in 1153. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 1105, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
• Birth: 1116, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
• Death: 2 Feb 1148, Palencia, Leon, Castilla-Leon, Spain
• Death: 31 Jan 1149, Palencia, Leon, Castilla-Leon, Spain

Berenguela married Emperor of All the Spains Alfonso VII Burgundy on 17 Nov 1128 in Saldaña, Palencia, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Alfonso (son of Count, Dominus, Prince, Emperor and Consul of Galicia Raymond Burgandy and Countess of Castile Urraca) was born on 1 Mar 1105 in Caldas de Reyes, Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain; died on 21 Aug 1157 in Fresneda de la Sierra, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Name: Ramon Berenguer
• Birth: 1113, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Ramon married Queen of Aragon Petronilla on 11 Aug 1137 in Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Petronilla (daughter of King of Aragon Ramiro "The Monk", II and of Aquitaine Agnes of Aquitaine) was born on 29 Jun 1136 in Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain; died on 17 Oct 1174 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; was buried in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Burke says he died in 1156. Some call him William VIII.

William married Eleanor Chatellerault de Rochefoucald in 1112/1134. Eleanor was born in 1103; died after 1130. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Death: 8 Mar 1159; Abbey of Fontevraud, Aquitaine, France

Notes:

Died:
Abbey of Fontevraud, Aquitaine, France

Agnes married King of Aragon Ramiro "The Monk", II in 1134 in Spain. Ramiro (son of King of Aragon and Navarre Sancho Ramirez Aragon and Felicia de Roucy) was born on 24 Apr 1075 in Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain; died on 16 Aug 1157 in San Pedro Monastery, Jaca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain; was buried in Huesca, Provincia de Huesca, Aragon, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Mathilde d'Angouleme. Mathilde was born in 1050; died after 29 Aug 1233. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Name: Constance de Bourgogne
• Birth: 1133, Castilla y Leon, Spain
• Death: 4 Oct 1160

Notes:

Died:
Died during childbirth.

Constance married King of France Louis VII "The Younger" Capet before 18 Nov 1153. Louis (son of King of France Louis VI "The Fat" Capet and Countess of Savoy Adélaïde de Maurienne) was born in 1120 in Fontainebleau, France; died on 18 Sep 1180 in Notre Dame de Barbeau, Fontainebleau, France; was buried . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

III married of Navarre Blanche on 30 Jan 1151 in Calahorra, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ferdinand married of Portugal Urraca in 1165. Urraca (daughter of King of Portugal Alfonso I Henriques) was born about 1151; died on 16 Oct 1188. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 4 Apr 1152, Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain
• Death: 26 Apr 1196, Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, France

Alfonso married Queen of Aragon Sancha on 18 Jan 1174 in Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Sancha (daughter of Emperor of All the Spains Alfonso VII Burgundy and of Poland Richeza Piast) was born on 21 Sep 1154 in Castile, Burgos, Castilla-Leon, Spain; died on 9 Nov 1208 in Villanueva de Sigena, Huesca, Aragon, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Mafalda Affonsez Portugal on 30 Jan 1160 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Mafalda was born in 1149 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; died in 1173. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 1159, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Eleanor married King of France Louis VII "The Younger" Capet on 22 Jul 1137 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, France, and was divorced in 1152. Louis (son of King of France Louis VI "The Fat" Capet and Countess of Savoy Adélaïde de Maurienne) was born in 1120 in Fontainebleau, France; died on 18 Sep 1180 in Notre Dame de Barbeau, Fontainebleau, France; was buried . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married King of England Henry II "Curtmantlel" Plantagenet on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, France. Henry (son of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou V and Princess of England Matilda Normandy) was born on 25 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, Sarthe, Normandy, France; died on 6 Jul 1189 in Castle Chinon, Saumer, Indre Et Loire, France; was buried in Fontevraud Abbey, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 1134, Huesca, Aragon, Spain
• Birth: 29 Jun 1135, Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain
• Death: 17 Oct 1174, Barcelona, Cataluna, Spain
• Death: 17 Oct 1174, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Petronilla married Ramon Berenguer, Count of Barcelona IV on 11 Aug 1137 in Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Ramon (son of Ramon Berenguer, Count of Barcelona III and Countess of Provence Douce, heiress of Provence) was born on 4 Apr 1113 in Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; died on 6 Aug 1162 in Borgo San Dalmazzo, Cuneo, Piemonte, Italy; was buried in Ripoll, Provincia de Girona, Cataluna, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Urraca married King of Leon Ferdinand Burgundy, II in 1165. Ferdinand (son of Emperor of All the Spains Alfonso VII Burgundy and Berenguela Raimundo) was born in 1137 in Toledo, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castilla-Leon, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Countess of Angoulême Isabella Taillefer in 1220 in France. Isabella (daughter of Count of Angoulême Aymer Taillefer and Alix Courtenay) was born in 1188 in Angoumé, Landes, Aquitaine, France; died on 31 May 1246 in Fontevrault Abbey, Anjou, France; was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: King of England Richard I Plantagenet. Richard (son of King of England Henry II "Curtmantlel" Plantagenet and Duchess of Aquitaine Eleanor) was born on 8 Sep 1157 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England; died on 6 Apr 1199 in Chalus, Limousin, France; was buried in Fontevraud Abbey, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alys married Count of Ponthieu William IV Talvas on 20 Aug 1195. William (son of Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil John I Talvas and Beatrice de St. Pol) was born in 1179; died on 4 Oct 1221. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
Acre, Palestine

Family/Spouse: Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou. Henry Plantagenet. Henry (son of King of England Henry II "Curtmantlel" Plantagenet and Duchess of Aquitaine Eleanor) was born on 28 Feb 1154/55 in Bermondsey Palace, Surrey, England; died on 11 Jun 1183 in Martel Castle, Turenne, France; was buried in Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

VIII married Princess of England Eleanor Plantagenet on 21 Sep 1177 in Burgos Cathedral, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of King of England Henry II "Curtmantlel" Plantagenet and Duchess of Aquitaine Eleanor) was born on 13 Oct 1161 in Domfront, Normandy, France; died on 25 Oct 1214 in Las Huelgas, Brugos, Spain; was buried . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

IX married Queen of Castile Berengaria in 1197 in Valladolid, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Berengaria (daughter of King of Castile VIII Alfonso and Princess of England Eleanor Plantagenet) was born in Aug 1181 in Segovia, Castile, Spain; died on 8 Nov 1244 in Los Huelgas, Near Burgos, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Pedro married of Montpellier Maria in 1204. Maria (daughter of of Montpellier VIII Guillem) was born in 1175/1192; died in 1211/1281. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Garsenda II de Sabran in Jul 1193 in Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Garsenda was born in 1180 in Sabran, Gard, Languedoc-Roussillon, France; died in 1242 in Sabran, Gard, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alix married Count of Blois Theobald V "The Good" de Blois in 1164. Theobald (son of Count of Blois and Champagne Theobald IV de Blois and Princess of Carinthia Mathilde von Sponheim) was born in 1127 in Blois, Loir-et-Cher, France; died in 1190. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Count of Champagne and Brie Henry I "The Liberal" de Blois. Henry (son of Count of Blois and Champagne Theobald IV de Blois and Princess of Carinthia Mathilde von Sponheim) was born in 1126 in Blois, Loir-et-Cher, France; died on 17 Mar 1181 in Troyes, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Crowned in 1170.

Stammtafeln says married 21 Aug 1172.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Capet. Margaret (daughter of King of France Louis VII "The Younger" Capet and Constance Burgundy) was born in Nov 1157; died about Sep 1197. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed at a tournament by his horse.

Geoffrey married Duchess of Brittany Constance in Jul 1181. Constance (daughter of Conan of Penthièvre, Duke of Brittany IV and Margaret de Huntingdon) was born about 1161; died on 5 Sep 1201 in Nantes, Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married King of Castile VIII Alfonso on 21 Sep 1177 in Burgos Cathedral, Castile, Spain. VIII (son of King of Castile III Sancho and of Navarre Blanche) was born on 11 Nov 1155 in Castile, Spain; died on 5 Oct 1214 in Avevalo. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matilda married Duke of Saxony And Bavaria V Henry on 1 Feb 1167 in Minden Cathedral, Saxony, Germany. V was born in 1129 in Ravensburg, Donau, Wuerttemberg, Germany; died on 6 Aug 1195 in Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Reigned 1199-1216. Signed Magna Carta in 1215 at Runnymede.

His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he has lost several continental possessions including Normandy by 1205. He came into conflict with his Barons and was forced to Sign the Magna Carta. His later repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which John died. Burke says he was born in 1160.

King of Ireland 1177, Count of Mortain 1189, Earl of Gloucester.

Matthew Paris wrote, 'Foul as it is, hell itself is defiled by the presence of King John', and this pretty well sums up John's reputation--until 1944, that is. For in that year Professor Galbraith demonstrated in a lecture to an astonished world that the chief chronicle source for the reign of John was utterly unreliable. Since then bad King John has been getting better and better, until now he is nearly well again, and a leading scholar in the field has seriously warned us that the twentieth century could well create it own John myth.

A man who can create so many myths, or rather have them created about him, is clearly outstanding in some way, but the myths hide the truth. Plainly the chroniclers who invented stories about him after his death can tell us little, and we should not take too much notice of people who condemned John for carrying out his father's (and his brother's officials') policies and administrative routines, nor indeed those who condemned him because of the bitter troubles that happened in the succeeding reign, troubles which were in no means entirely of John's making. Recent historians have turned to the administrative records of his reign, and found there a very different picture; but still the lingering doubts remain--were these records the result of John's skill and application or of those of his able staff?

John was a paunchy little man, five feet five inches tall, with erect head, staring eyes, flaring nostrils and thick lips set in a cruel pout, as his splendid monument at Worcester shows. He had the tempestuous nature of all his family, and a driving demoniac energy: Professor Barlow says that 'he prowled around his kingdom, ' which is an evocative phrase, but it would be truer to say that he raced around it. He was fastidious about his person--taking more baths than several other medieval kings put together, and owning the ultimate in luxury, for that time, a dressing-gown. He loved good food and drink, and gambled a great deal, though he usually lost--the results of his typical impatience and carelessness are recorded on his expense rolls; above all things he loved women. Some say his 'elopement' was the cause of his loss of Normandy. He was generous to the poor (for instance, he remitted to them the penalties of the forest law), and to his servants; at the least he went through the motions of being a Christian king. He was extortionate, though if one considers the terrific increase in his outgoings (a mercenary soldier cost him 200 per cent more in wages than he would have in Henry II's day) one can understand some of his actions in the field. He was deeply concerned about justice, took care to attend to court business, and listened to supplicants with sympathy; he had also an urgent desire for peace in the land, saying that his peace was to be observed 'even if we have granted it to a dog.' But for all that, he had two totally unredeeming vices; he was suspicious, and enjoyed a cloak-and-dagger atmosphere--simply he did not inspire trust in his subjects. Dr. Warren says of him with some justice that if he had lived in the twentieth century he would have adored to run a secret police.

He was born at Oxford on Christmas Eve 1167. He was oblated for a monk at the abbey of Fontevrault at the age of one year, but was back at court by the time he was six--plainly he had no vocation, but he probably picked up at this early stage his fastidiousness and his passion for books: his library followed him wherever he went. He was his father's favorite, but he turned against the old man when his chance came, as he did against Richard (who had been very generous to his brother) when the latter was in captivity in 1193. The episode was a miserable failure, but it possibly sowed the seeds of distrust for John in England, where they began to sprout luxuriantly in 1199 when Richard died and John came to the throne.

Immediately the challenge came: Philip Augustus, the wily King of France, was backing John's nephew, Prince Arthur of Brittany (son of John's elder brother Geoffrey) as a contender for the throne, and England's French possessions fell prey to civil war. John found grave difficultly in dealing with the situation for a number of reasons, but in 1202 he made the remarkable coup of capturing Arthur by force-marching his troops eighty miles in forty-eight hours; but then his prosecution of the war became listless, and he lost much sympathy by his brutal murder of Arthur whilst in a drunken rage. By 1204 Normandy was lost.

The loss of Normandy seemed to wake John up, and he now deployed his every energy in building up the coastal defenses of Britain, now faced with an enemy the other side of the Channel, instead of just more of her own territory. The navy was built up, and the army, and John poured a quarter of his annual revenue into defense. But he could not persuade the baronage to support him in a counterstroke to regain Normandy: the barons of the north country had never owned land in Normandy and did not see why they should pay to regain southerner's castles for them. These 'Northerners' as they called themselves, were a hive of discontent, and more was to be heard from them. Meanwhile, John sailed angrily about in the Channel, cursing ineffectually.

Other troubles were to come first, however. In 1205 the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hubert Walker, died, and John assumed that he would have the choice of the new archbishop. However, Pope Innocent III was no man to support secular control over church appointments, and supported the right of the monks of Canterbury to select their own archbishop. For two years the storms blew between England and Rome, then Stephen Langton was appointed. Meanwhile John had driven the monks into exile and appropriated the revenues of the archdiocese. He had fallen out also with his half-brother, Geoffrey Archbishop or York, over tax-collection, and he too fled abroad while John collected his revenues. Four bishops joined in his fight--tension was growing to the snapping point. In 1208 the Pope put an Interdict on England, which in effect meant the clergy went on strike, or, in certain cases and areas, worked to rule. John began negotiations with Innocent, but, finding that he demanded unconditional surrender, stopped them and took over all ecclesiastical properties and incomes. He did leave the clergy sufficient to live, though barely; but he still gained a large increment to his usual finances. In November 1209 the Pope took the final step of excommunicating the King, which, in that it made him an outlaw in Christendom, did far more damage than the Interdict.

John used his enlarged treasury to restore order in Scotland, Ireland and Wales, and to rebuild the old alliance with Otto IV of Germany and the Count of Flanders against Philip Augustus. He planned a two-pronged attack on France, to take place in 1212. But that year turned out an unlucky one for John, for the barons again refused to serve abroad, and the army he had was needed to put down a revolt in Wales; the Pope was threatening to demote him, and Philip Augustus was planning a massive invasion of England. John had to give in in one direction, for the pressure was much too great: he chose the Pope, and wisely so. He agreed to return to the status quo in the matter of church property and establishment, and to pay compensation; he further resigned his kingdom into the hands of the Pope, to receive it back in return for his homage and an annual tribute of 1,000 marks (a mark being two-thirds of a pound].

He had won a notable ally in Innocent III, who supported him faithfully throughout his troubles. Then his fleet, his own creation, had the good luck to find the French fleet at anchor and unprotected, destroyed it, and so made a French invasion impossible. On the crest of a wave, John determined to put his two-pronged invasion plan into action, but once more the northern barons refused to play, and he set off to punish them. Stephen Langton had arrived on the scene by now and managed to persuade John not to provoke the barons further.

In 1214 he finally managed to put his long cherished plan into action, but the two attacks were not properly coordinated; Otto was defeated at Bovines, and John was deserted by his Protein knights.

In 1215 John faced a baronage in turmoil: they could point to the failure of his expensive schemes, he ascribed his failure to their total lack of support. The situation could not be more tense. John's nervousness can be seen in his taking of the cross, a blatant attempt to reinforce his alliance with the papacy. In April the Northerners met at Stamford; they were by now a mixture of northerners and southerners--the name was now merely a nickname--but by and large they were the younger element in the kingdom, roughnecks out for a spree. They moved south and were let into London by a faction, and received the expected encouragement from Philip Augustus in the form of siege engines brought over by one Eustace, a renegade monk turned pirate.

John offered arbitration, but the barons turned it down, and while he put his faith in an appeal to Rome, Stephen Langton, in cooperation with William Marshal and other more stable and sensible barons, were working on the Northerners' demands to incorporate them into a general charter, which would not only govern feudal relationships, but would also lay down a more general pattern of legality in government. On 15 June John fixed his seal to the draft of Magna Carat, and on 19 June attested copies were sent to all parts of the kingdom.

The King did his part thoroughly, though for how long he would have continued is another matter, but the barons continued to distrust him. They remained in arms, organizing tournaments as their excuse, saying that the prize would be 'a bear a certain lady would send.' This was civil war, and John took to it with a fiendish glee. He reduced the north and the east, and was about to mop up the remainder of the opposition in London when Philip Augustus' son Louis landed in force to help the barons (May 1216). John had been riding hard for months, and was sick with dysentery after a bout of over-eating; whilst crossing the Wash, the whole of his baggage-train was lost. At Newark Castle on 18 October, he died, desiring to be buried near his patron saint Wolfsan in Worcester Cathedral.

He was by no means a good man, and his energies could well have been put to a better use, but in a different situation he might well have made a great king. His constant failure was discipline, over himself first, and others second. John reminds me of nothing so much as the type of person who is brilliant in many ways, and has many gifts, but leaves after two terms 'not suited to teaching in this type of school.' [Who's Who in the Middle Ages, John Fines, Barnes and Noble Books, New York, 1995]

John married Countess of Angoulême Isabella Taillefer on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Isabella (daughter of Count of Angoulême Aymer Taillefer and Alix Courtenay) was born in 1188 in Angoumé, Landes, Aquitaine, France; died on 31 May 1246 in Fontevrault Abbey, Anjou, France; was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Countess of Gloucester Isabel FitzRobert on 19 Aug 1189 in Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire, England. Isabel (daughter of 2nd Earl of Gloucester William FitzRobert and Hawise de Beaumont) was born about 1165 in Tewksbury, Gloucestershire, England; died on 14 Oct 1217; was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Gather de Ferrers in 1188. Gather (daughter of 3rd Earl of Derby William de Ferrers and Sybil de Braose) was born in 1168 in Chartley, Staffordshire, England; died on 4 Sep 1201 in France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adela de Warenne. Adela (daughter of 5th Earl of Surrey Hamelin de Warenne and Countess of Surrey Isabel de Warenne) was born about 1164 in Surrey, England; died about 1220. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Suzanne de Warenne about 1186. Suzanne (daughter of 5th Earl of Surrey Hamelin de Warenne and Countess of Surrey Isabel de Warenne) was born about 1166 in Surrey, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Burke says born 1155 died 1156.

Notes:

Reigned 1189-1199. Prisoner in Germany 1192-1194.

A hero of Medieval legends spent all but 6 months of his reign abroad. He became Duke of Aquitaine in 1168 and of Poitiers in 1172. He joined the 3rd crusade in 1189 and conquered Messina and Cyprus before arriving in the Holy Land. His victory at Arsuf gained Joppa (1191). On his way home he was captured in Austria and was only released by Emperor Henry VI after payment of an enormous ransom (1194). He returned briefly to England but died in France.

Richard married of Navarre Berengaria on 12 May 1191 in Chapel of St George, Limasol, Cyprus. Berengaria (daughter of King of Navarre Sancho VI "The Wise") was born in 1163 in Pamplona, Spain; died after 1230 in l'Epau Abbey, Le Mans, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Countess of the Vexin Alys Capet. Alys (daughter of King of France Louis VII "The Younger" Capet and Constance Burgundy) was born on 4 Oct 1160; died about 1220. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died in childbirth, having been veiled a nun on her deathbed.

Birth:
Angers Castle, Anjou, France

Joan married King of Toulouse VI Raymond in 1179/1196. VI was born in 1149/1168; died in 1222. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married King of Sicily William in 1179/1188. William was born in 1148/1168; died in 1189. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 4 Apr 1152, Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain
• Death: 26 Apr 1196, Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, France

Alfonso married Queen of Aragon Sancha on 18 Jan 1174 in Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Sancha (daughter of Emperor of All the Spains Alfonso VII Burgundy and of Poland Richeza Piast) was born on 21 Sep 1154 in Castile, Burgos, Castilla-Leon, Spain; died on 9 Nov 1208 in Villanueva de Sigena, Huesca, Aragon, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Mafalda Affonsez Portugal on 30 Jan 1160 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Mafalda was born in 1149 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; died in 1173. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Birth: 1159, Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

IX married Queen of Castile Berengaria in 1197 in Valladolid, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Berengaria (daughter of King of Castile VIII Alfonso and Princess of England Eleanor Plantagenet) was born in Aug 1181 in Segovia, Castile, Spain; died on 8 Nov 1244 in Los Huelgas, Near Burgos, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Edward "Longshanks" Plantagenet, King of England about 1261. Edward (son of King of England Henry III Plantagenet and Eleanor Berenguer) was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England; died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-on-the-Sands, near Carlisle, Northumberland, England; was buried in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey in Aug 1247. John (son of 6th Earl of Surrey William de Warenne and Matilda (Maud) Marshal) was born after Jul 1231 in Warren, Surrey, England; died on 27 Sep 1304 in Kennington, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married 7th Earl of Hertford, 3rd Earl of Gloucester Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester on 2 Feb 1253. Gilbert (son of 6th Earl of Hertford, 2nd Gloucester Richard de Clare and Maud de Lacy) was born on 2 Sep 1243 in Christchurch, Hampshire, England; died on 7 Dec 1295 in Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales; was buried on 22 Dec 1295 in Tewksbury Abbey, Tewksbury, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Marie married Count of Dammartin II Simon in 1184/1234. II was born about 1180 in Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne, France; died on 21 Sep 1239. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Blanche married King of France Louis VIII "The Lion" Capet on 23 May 1200 in Bapaume, Normandy, France. Louis (son of King of France Philip II Augustus Capet and Isabella d'Hainaut) was born on 5 Sep 1187 in Paris, Seine, France; died on 7 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Berengaria married King of Leon IX Alphonso in 1197 in Valladolid, Castilla-Leon, Spain. IX (son of King of Leon Ferdinand Burgundy, II and of Portugal Urraca) was born on 15 Aug 1171 in Zamora, Leon, Spain; died on 24 Sep 1230 in Villanueva de Sarria, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Leonor married King of Aragon Jaime I "The Conqueror" on 6 Feb 1220/21 in Ágreda, Soria, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Jaime (son of King of Aragon Pedro II "The Catholic" Berenguer and of Montpellier Maria) was born in 1208; died in 1276. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

III married Countess of Ponthieu Johanna in 1237 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. Johanna (daughter of Count of Dammartin II Simon and Countess of Ponthieu Marie) was born in 1197/1223; died on 15 Mar 1278/79. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

III married Beatrice (Elizabeth) von Hohenstaufen on 30 Nov 1219. Beatrice (daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Philip II von Hohenstaufen and Princess of Byzantine Empire Irene Angelina) was born in 1198; died in 1235. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jaime married Leonor on 6 Feb 1220/21 in Ágreda, Soria, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Leonor (daughter of King of Castile VIII Alfonso and Princess of England Eleanor Plantagenet) was born in 1202; died in 1244 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jaime married of Hungary Violant in 1235. Violant (daughter of King of Hungary Andrew (Andreas) Arpad, II and Violant Courtenay) was born about 1216; died in 1253. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ramon married Beatrice de Savoy on 5 Jun 1219. Beatrice (daughter of Count of Savoy Thomas de Maurienne and of Geneva Marguerite) was born in 1201 in Savoy, France; died in Dec 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thibault married Queen of Navarre Blanche on 1 Jul 1199. Blanche (daughter of King of Navarre Sancho VI "The Wise") was born in 1180 in Navarre, Spain; died in 1229. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
Acre, Palestine

Marie married Baldwin, Count of Hainaut VI on 6 Jun 1186. Baldwin (son of Baldwin, Count of Hainaut V and of Flanders Marguerite I de Flandre) was born on 11 Jul 1171 in Valenciennes, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 11 Jun 1205 in Veliko Turnovo, Bulgaria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
Acre, Palestine

Family/Spouse: Isabella d'Anjou. Isabella (daughter of Amalric (Amaury) d'Anjou, King of Jerusalem I and Maria Comnena) was born in 1172; died in 1205. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Others suggest her mother was Clemantina, the wife of Henry Pinel.

Joan married on 16 Apr 1205 in Chester, Cheshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married Llywelyn Fawr ap Iowerth, Prince of Wales on 16 Apr 1205 in Chester, Cheshire, England. Llywelyn (son of Iorwerth Drwyndwn ap Owain and Margaret verch Madog) was born in 1173 in Dolyddelan, Wales; died on 11 Apr 1240 in Caernarvonshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Reigned 1216-1272. A minor when he took the throne he did not take the reigns of Government himself until 1234. Baronial discontent simmered, boiling over in 1258 when Henry facing financial disaster attempted to raise large sums from his magnates. Reforms were agreed upon but then renounced by Henry. Simon de Montford lead a rebellion against the King (the Barons Wars) which was defeated after initial success, thereafter Henry ceded much of his power to his son. Burke say he was born 10 Oct 1206 and married 14 Jan, crowned 1216.

Buried:
Fontevraud-l'Abbaye

Died:
Age: 65

Henry married Eleanor Berenguer on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Count of Provence Ramon IV Berenguer and Beatrice de Savoy) was born in 1223 in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died on 24 Jun 1291. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Richard was very wealthy and used it to be elected Holy Roman Emperor. His reign was not of any substance-pretty much symbolic. Late in life he gave up hope of ever actually ruling.

Richard married Isabel Marshal on 30 Mar 1231 in St Mary's Church, Fawley, Buckinghamshire, England. Isabel (daughter of 1st Earl of Pembroke William Marshal and Isabel FitzGilbert de Clare) was born on 9 Oct 1200 in Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 17 Jan 1240 in Birkhampstead, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Beaulieu, New Forest District, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Sanchia Berenguer on 23 Nov 1243 in Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England. Sanchia (daughter of Count of Provence Ramon IV Berenguer and Beatrice de Savoy) was born about 1228; died on 9 Nov 1261. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married Emperor of Germany II Frederick on 20 Jul 1235 in Worms Cathedral, Germany. II was born on 26 Dec 1194; died on 13 Dec 1250. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Despite taking a vow of perpetual chastity on widowhood she married Simon de Montford!

Eleanor married 2nd Earl of Pembroke William Marshal on 23 Apr 1224 in New Temple Church, London, England. William (son of 1st Earl of Pembroke William Marshal and Isabel FitzGilbert de Clare) was born about 1190 in Normandy, France; died on 6 Apr 1231 in London, Middlesex, England; was buried on 15 Apr 1231 in Temple Church, London, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married 6th Earl of Leicester Simon V de Montfort on 7 Jan 1238 in Kings Chapel, Palace of Westminster, England. Simon (son of Count of Toulouse, Earl of Leicester, Viscount of Carcassonne, Duke of Narbonne Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester IV and Alice de Montmorency) was born on 23 May 1208 in Montfort-l'Amaury, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France; died on 4 Aug 1265 in Battle of Evesham, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Pedro married of Montpellier Maria in 1204. Maria (daughter of of Montpellier VIII Guillem) was born in 1175/1192; died in 1211/1281. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Garsenda II de Sabran in Jul 1193 in Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Garsenda was born in 1180 in Sabran, Gard, Languedoc-Roussillon, France; died in 1242 in Sabran, Gard, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]